Homo Necans: The Anthropology of Ancient Greek Sacrificial Ritual and Myth

Brilliant, painstaking scholarship.

Absolutely amazing. Reading this book opened my eyes to so much more, presented in an amazingly, easy to follow (and you'll want to) manner.

I thoroughly enjoyed the book but probably not for the main reasons the book was written. The basic premise: Man spent 90-95% of his existence as a Hunter Gatherer so most of the Myths involving sacrifice that have come down to us from Ancient History can be tied to and explained by the Hunter experience. All well and good but after one or two "proofs" of this argument it isn't really necessary to keep proving the argument. What I did love was the description of each Greek Myth, the actors/gods associated with each myth and the original stories around the myths. The proof is fine but I felt OK sound plausible, let's move on. But I was completely engrossed with each new chapter regarding the specific myth, the rituals associated with it, and the ceremonies that were part of the celebration of the myth.

Walter Burkert analyzes human behaviour, religion, rituals, sacrifices and myths from a fundamental biological viewpoint of intraspecies aggression and violence.Human behaviourMan's biological evolution was accomplished during the age of the hunter. His terrifying violence is a derivation of the behaviour of the predatory animal. `A male community is biologically analogous to a pack of wolves.' The only groups able to assert themselves were those held together by collective killing in the hunt and by an inviolable social order.Human aggression and violence have marked the progress of our civilization. One can even say that `all orders and forms of authority in human society are founded on institutional violence.'ReligionReligion is a stabilizing factor of the first order in society. But, blood and violence lurk fascinatingly at its very heart. Christianity is confronted with murder at its very core.In ancient times, the sacred act done at the sacred place by the consecrating actor consisted in slaughtering sacrificial animals. The act of piety is `bloodshed, slaughter and eating.'RitualsSacrificial rituals were all about encountering death and affirmed life (food). `The gruesome evil at work in the rituals fulfilled a function, i.e., to preserve a social structure over the course of generations.' The bull to be slaughtered reflects the ancestral king or the universal father; a young animal, a child or a maiden.MythsMyths frequently explain and justify social orders and establishments. Their most exciting themes come from the realm of sexuality and aggression, the perils of death and destruction. They have their counterpart in sacrificial killings.EleusisThe Korè myth describes the sacrifice of a maiden transformed in agrarian terms. It is a description of the agricultural cycle. The Korè is the grain that must go under earth so that, from this seeming death, the new fruit can appear. `Hunger threatens when the Korè disappears, but to the delight of gods and men, she returns, and with her blessing of grain from Demeter.'Based on an enormous amount of bibliographical material, Walter Burkert delved deeply into and exposes the hidden meaning and functions of ancient, sometimes secret, rites. He unmasks the dark side of man and human civilization.This book is a must read for all Greek scholars and for all those interested in the history of mankind.

B+