The New Geography Of Jobs

The new Geography of Jobs details the changing nature of US employment as production technology has changed. I saw this book as a reference from another book on the implications and dynamics of the way in which supply chains have migrated from domestically to internationally based. It is excellent and remains extremely relevant and even predictive from being published in 2013.In the new geography of jobs, author Enrico Moretti discusses how the nature of US jobs and manufacturing has been changing for the last 30 years. The economy is becoming service based and offshoring of manufacturing is the norm as production migrates to where labor is cheaper. The author details how the size of the manufacturing labor force has been in almost monotonic decline and how even high technology content goods manufacturing quickly moves offshore despite the US housing the intellectual property. The author discusses how this is the natural consequence of the value chain that has been created where the service sector value add is what the US has come to dominate whereas the manufacturing value add is where low cost labor countries tend to have comparative advantage. The author then spends time on describing what high value service sector jobs entail, describing a job at Pixar for example. On the flipside of the decline in manufacturing is the growth in services and the author shows the growth in jobs associated with scientific R&D, software, pharmaceuticals and the internet- here the charts are the inverse and monotonically increasing. Unfortunately the magnitudes don't necessarily add up so therein lies part of the problem but the point is that the nature of where the US has a comparative advantage is changing and the areas of job growth vs decline are structural. The author spends a lot of time discussing how these sectors which are productive have huge spillovers to the surrounding areas and details the wages of base service jobs in areas of high vs low productivity and the ranges are enormous. The author spends a lot of time on how as the nature of jobs demanded is changing the geography of jobs is changing and gravitating towards the coasts where there are more tech related or finance related areas. The author discusses how the forces of agglomeration are strong as productivity feeds on itself as talented individuals come into close contact and as the geography of employment is changing as well as the education levels required to fill those labor gaps is changing the country is becoming polarized in opportunity set.The New Geography of Jobs discusses what labor transitions are occurring in the US right now and their effects on prices and opportunities. It gives good perspective on why the country is increasingly divided and see the world so different in opportunity set. The author discusses the economic consequences of the changes we are seeing and gives some policy advice on how to address them. One thing is hard to argue though which is that what value add the US can offer the global economy is fundamentally different to what it was 40 years ago and many of the changes which are creating conflict are structural. This is a must read to better understand the economic consequences of the changing nature of the US comparative advantage and what the country needs to consider when trying to address the negative consequences to certain subsets of the population who are most affected. The continued need of the US to focus on its human capital rather than its manufacturing capital though is almost a given.

This book is a must read for young people, and for real estate investors. For young people, the book is a credible source of information to "get it" about the need to focus (or refocus) their education toward garnering marketable skills to compete for jobs in today's globally competitive world. For real estate investors, to learn or confirm where the growth markets are and will be in the USA, why some areas of the USA should be avoided, and why other cities that were once vibrant no longer are.While most of the information presented seems rather obvious at first, the author has done extensive research that is very useful to understand why and how certain areas of the USA have become technology centers that will continue to grow exponentially, and why other areas of the U.S. are not at all well positioned to compete for skilled jobs going forward. The author makes a very compelling case for where to go in the USA to find good jobs, good health, compatible mates, and communities that are positioned for sustainable growth, both for skilled and unskilled workers.

I picked up this book after seeing all the positive reviews and having previously seen this book mentioned as a very good book on economic trends happening before our very eyes in the US.This is a great book. The subject matter, which is how the economy is transforming itself around in ways that are unexpected but yet in some way predictable is a fascinating read. I have read Thomas Friedman's book "The World is Flat" and I thought his observations were pretty spot on. However, given that many of Friedman's predictions don't seem to be happening, perhaps his analysis was incomplete.Moretti really brings up some amazing interesting trends, such as the movement to certain places is precisely because the great divergence is due to like attracting like. Sure, the internet is a great leveler, but not in the was we may have thought about. Moretti discusses how certain features of great cities cannot be instantly duplicated by just having the internet, but rather, whole support systems must be available. Moretti argues, quite effectively that people will migrate to job growth, which is happening to cities where innovation occurs. And this innovation is not just high-technology either. And if knowledge workers, and the ancillary support systems aren't attracted to a certain location because of the lack of 'support networks,' no matter of education or government intervention will prevent the inevitable.Of course, this argument means that this Great Divergence is not just based in income levels, but also on whole hosts of organic systems that cannot just be grown instantly. And naturally, this means places like Detroit will never again be like the 1950's. The consequences of Moretti's book are fascinating and chilling because whole populations of the US will forever be left behind due to no fault of their own. And education, especially the kind of education necessary for innovation, will become ever more valuable.Overall, this is an extremely well-written book and very enjoyable to read. Recommended.

Es uno de los mejores libros que he leído.Habla claramente de que elementos son claves para la generación de empleo... y bien pagado.

It was good to read

Great work from Professor Enrico Moretti.Prof Moretti gathered sound data backing the case for a future landscape of the job market. The Book does more than this and it includes hints and reasons on how and why the job market was shaped that way throughout the years. Describe the fall of several american cities and the raise of others as hub of economic progress in the nation. The firsts tied to the manufacturing sector demise the latters brought about by the new wave of tech and digital start-ups. It also suggest strategies to foster growth and strenghten weakened job markets. Great work under every persepctive: for governments as labor market guidance, for businesses which look how to foster growth and not be left behind ,ultimately for workers who are seeking to improve their careers or understanding cause of unsuccesful ones.

Alors que l'on entend tout et son contraire sur les effets du progrès technique ou de la mondialisationsur l'emploi. Cet excellent ouvrage d'Enrico Moretti dresse un bilan nuancé des effets de ces dernierssur le marché du travail. Une analyse claire basée sur des travaux académiques de premiers plansqui permet de mieux comprendre les mutations du marché du travail, et surtout de dépasser lesponcifs sur la fin inéluctable du travail.

A bit repetitive at times but it is a very interesting topic explored in detail and with abundance of evidence.